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US Citizenship Test — American Government flashcards

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Civics questions 1–72 of the 2025 test: principles of government, Congress, the president, the courts, federal and state powers, and rights and responsibilities. Every accepted answer on the official list; ★ marks a 65/20 question.

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Learn deck · part of US citizenship test (civics) · written against: USCIS 128 Civics Questions and Answers, 2025 version (form M-1778, 09/25), for N-400 applications filed on or after 20 October 2025; answers that change with elections point to uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates. Updated 2026-10-10.

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  1. What is the form of government of the United States?
    Republic

    Also accepted: Constitution-based federal republic; Representative democracy.

    Why: Citizens elect representatives to make the laws, under a written constitution.
    Principles of American Government
  2. What is the supreme law of the land? ★
    (U.S.) Constitution

    Why: No federal law, state law or official can override it.
    Principles of American Government
  3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.
    Forms the government

    Also accepted: Defines powers of government; Defines the parts of government; Protects the rights of the people.
    Principles of American Government
  4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words "We the People." What does "We the People" mean?
    Self-government

    Also accepted: Popular sovereignty; Consent of the governed; People should govern themselves; (Example of) social contract.

    Why: The government's power comes from the people, not from a king.
    Principles of American Government
  5. Name the three branches of government.
    Legislative, executive, and judicial

    Also accepted: Congress, president, and the courts.
    System of Government › The Three Branches
  6. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?
    Executive branch
    System of Government › The Three Branches
  7. What part of the federal government writes laws?
    (U.S.) Congress

    Also accepted: (U.S. or national) legislature; Legislative branch.
    System of Government › Congress
  8. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.
    Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).

    Also accepted: You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote; Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.); A male citizen of any race (can vote).

    Why: The four are the 15th (race), 19th (women), 24th (no poll tax) and 26th (age 18) Amendments.
    Rights and Responsibilities
  9. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?
    Citizens

    Also accepted: Citizens of the United States; U.S. citizens.

    Watch out: Permanent residents cannot vote in federal elections.
    Rights and Responsibilities
  10. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?
    Freedom of speech, freedom of religion and the right to bear arms

    Any of these also count: Freedom of expression; Freedom of assembly; Freedom to petition the government.

    Why: These rights are not only for citizens, but the law limits some of them for some noncitizens: federal law bars people in the country unlawfully, and most people on temporary (nonimmigrant) visas, from having guns. Most come from the First Amendment; the right to bear arms is the Second.
    Rights and Responsibilities

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About these cards

Review status: Second-reader reviewed, with corrections applied.

Checked against:

  • Questions and accepted answers: USCIS, "128 Civics Questions and Answers (2025 version)", form M-1778 (09/25), https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/questions-and-answers/2025-Civics-Test-128-Questions-and-Answers.pdf (file last modified 14 October 2025; SHA-256 f280608c0fb6dc1eba344b4746a7ba52d02fe411fba30cedd4371819f0abe11c), checked 2026-10-19; a US government work in the public domain. Questions are given word for word and every listed answer is included; where USCIS gives an instruction instead of an answer ("Answers will vary", the test updates page), the card puts it in its own words. Source: USCIS. Not affiliated with or endorsed by USCIS.
  • Which test applies and the answers that change with elections and appointments checked against the USCIS "2025 Civics Test" and "Check for Test Updates" pages (uscis.gov), checked 2026-10-19; the cards name no current officeholder.
  • Explanations checked against the National Archives (the Constitution, its amendments, the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation; archives.gov), the U.S. Code (2 U.S.C. 2a, 3 U.S.C. 19, 18 U.S.C. 611 and 922, 28 U.S.C. 1), and the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives pages (senate.gov, house.gov). All explanation wording original.

These are independent study notes written for Willys. They are not official exam material, may contain mistakes, and are no substitute for your course, your teacher or the exam owner's own publications. Found an error? Tell us — corrections ship as a new version of the deck.

Not legal advice, and not affiliated with USCIS. These cards prepare you for the civics part of the naturalization interview, using the questions and answers of the 2025 version. Some answers change with elections and appointments: check uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates before your interview, and check uscis.gov/citizenship for which version of the test applies to you.

Not affiliated with or endorsed by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), and not legal advice. The questions and accepted answers are a US government work in the public domain; no agency seal or logo is used.

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