Science & Medicine — Set 1: In Context flashcards
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Fill the blank: 25 of the Set 1 words, each in a new sentence from clinics, labs, field studies and outer space, whose clues point to one word of the pack (where a second also fits, the back says so).
Learn deck · part of Science & Medicine · written against: 150 words of health and science news; not medical advice. Updated 2026-10-10.
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Whatever had caused it, Callum's earache was ______ rather than long-standing: it began the night before and should clear within a few days.acuteBody & Health
An illness that is brief and quick to take hold is acute. "Whatever had caused it" rules out viral and infectious, which name the cause, not how fast an illness comes and goes. -
Scuba students learn to breathe slowly and deeply, because a calm ______ rate makes a tank of air last much longer.respiratoryBody & Health
Breaths per minute are the respiratory rate. Cardiac concerns the heart, and cardiovascular the heart with all its vessels, not how fast a diver breathes. -
Lab tests on the squash plant's mottled yellow leaves found a virus, not mold, so the gardener knew she was facing a ______ disease spread by aphids.viralDisease & Infection
When a virus is the cause, the disease is viral. Infectious is true of any germ but would need "an"; the aphids are the vector that spreads it. -
Within three days, forty passengers aboard one cruise ship had caught norovirus, and the crew scrubbed every handrail to end the ______.outbreakDisease & Infection
A sudden cluster of cases in one place, a single ship, is an outbreak. An epidemic spreads through a whole region, far beyond one ship's passengers. -
The grape cough syrup eased Ezra's cough as intended, but it also turned his tongue a startling purple, a harmless ______ that faded by lunch.side effectDiagnosis & Treatment
An unintended change a medicine brings on top of the one it is given for is a side effect. A symptom is a sign of illness; the purple came from the syrup, not from being sick. -
The feeding study was ______: the owners had no idea which bowls held the new food, and the vets weighing the dogs were kept just as unaware.double-blindResearch & Technology
Keeping both participants and researchers in the dark is what double-blind means. A randomized trial assigns groups by chance, but that alone doesn't hide who got what. -
In Mendel's pea plants, purple flowers were ______: a plant inheriting one copy of the gene for purple and one for white still bloomed purple.dominantGenes & Life
A trait that shows with only one copy of its gene is dominant. Hereditary means passed down from parents, which both colors are; it doesn't explain why purple wins. -
Shake a box of a hundred pennies, remove every one that lands heads up, and repeat: each round models one ______, since about half the "atoms" decay each time.half-lifeMatter & Energy
A radioactive sample's half-life is how long it takes until half of the sample has decayed. Probability is the coin's one-in-two chance, not the time each round stands for. -
The gasoline in a car's tank is refined from a ______ that took millions of years to form from tiny sea creatures buried under mud.fossil fuelEarth & Climate
Oil is a fossil fuel, made from what ancient living things left behind. A greenhouse gas comes out when gasoline burns; crude oil itself is not one. -
Stars near the center of our galaxy whip around an unseen object four million times the sun's mass, which astronomers identify as a ______.black holeSpace
An unseen object of huge mass, with gravity no light escapes, is a black hole. Dark matter is also unseen, but it is spread-out matter, not one object.
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Review status: Second-reader reviewed, with corrections applied.
Checked against:
- Senses, parts of speech and pronunciations checked against Merriam-Webster.com, the American Heritage Dictionary and the Oxford Learner's, Longman and Cambridge learner's dictionaries; all definitions, notes and example sentences are original.
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