IB Chemistry — Structure flashcards
10 of 78 cards free to study here · 3 topics · the whole deck is built into Willys
Structure 1–3 of the IB Chemistry course: the particulate nature of matter, the nuclear atom, electron configurations, the mole and ideal gases; ionic, covalent and metallic models; the periodic table and functional groups. HL content is tagged HL.
Learn deck · part of IB Chemistry · written against: IB Diploma Programme IB Chemistry subject guide for first assessment 2025 (Structure and Reactivity); SL and HL in one deck, HL-only cards under subtopic tags starting HL. Updated 2026-10-10.
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How does a compound differ from a mixture of the same elements?In a compound the elements are chemically bonded in a fixed ratio and the properties are new; in a mixture the components are not bonded, can be in any proportion and can be separated by physical means.Particulate Nature of Matter › Particles and Mixtures
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Which technique recovers solid salt from seawater, and which recovers pure water from it?Evaporation or crystallisation leaves the salt behind; distillation boils off the water and condenses it as pure liquid.Particulate Nature of Matter › Particles and Mixtures
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How does evaporation differ from boiling?Evaporation happens only at the liquid's surface and at any temperature. Boiling happens throughout the liquid, at the temperature where its vapour pressure equals the external pressure.Particulate Nature of Matter › Particles and Mixtures
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What does absolute zero represent, and what is 25 °C on the Kelvin scale?Absolute zero (0 K, −273 °C) is the temperature at which particles have the minimum possible kinetic energy. 25 °C = 25 + 273 = 298 K.Particulate Nature of Matter › Particles and Mixtures
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Why do metals tend to form positive ions while non-metals form negative ions?Metal atoms have few valence electrons and low ionisation energies, so they lose electrons (s-block metals and aluminium reaching a noble-gas configuration); non-metal atoms gain electrons to fill their outer shell.Bonding and Structure › Ionic Model
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What are the formulas of ammonium sulfate and calcium phosphate?(NH₄)₂SO₄ (two NH₄⁺ balance one SO₄²⁻) and Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (three Ca²⁺ balance two PO₄³⁻).Bonding and Structure › Ionic Model
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What is the formula of aluminium oxide, and how is it deduced from the ions?Aluminium forms Al³⁺ and oxygen forms O²⁻; the lowest whole-number ratio that balances the charges is 2 : 3, giving Al₂O₃.Bonding and Structure › Ionic Model
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An element has the configuration [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴. Which period and group is it in?Period 3 (highest occupied shell n = 3) and group 16 (six valence electrons in the p-block): it is sulfur.Classification of Matter › Periodic Table
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What is an amphoteric oxide? Give an example.An oxide that reacts with both acids and bases.Classification of Matter › Periodic Table
Example: aluminium oxide, Al₂O₃. -
What forms when sulfur trioxide reacts with water, and how is this linked to acid rain?SO₃ + H₂O → H₂SO₄. Sulfur oxides from burning fossil fuels dissolve in rainwater in the same way, forming acid deposition.Classification of Matter › Periodic Table
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About these cards
Review status: Second-reader reviewed, with corrections applied.
Checked against:
- IB Diploma Programme subject guide (topic outline only; no text copied)
- Tag order follows the IB Diploma Programme Chemistry guide for first assessment 2025 (Structure 1–3).
- OpenStax Chemistry 2e, consulted as a reference; no text copied.
- Also checked against the IB Diploma Programme Chemistry data booklet for first assessment 2025 (version 1.1), PubChem element and compound records, the NIST Chemistry WebBook, CODATA 2022 constants and CIAAW atomic weights (reference only; no text copied).
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