NCLEX-RN — Pediatrics flashcards
10 of 79 cards free to study here · 13 topics · the whole deck is built into Willys
Developmental milestones, Erikson, Piaget and play, vaccines, pain scales, croup versus epiglottitis, CF, heart defects, GI, renal, orthopedic and neural tube conditions, sickle cell and hemophilia, Wilms tumor, and child safety and maltreatment.
Learn deck · part of NCLEX-RN · written against: NCSBN 2026 NCLEX-RN Test Plan, in effect from 1 April 2026 (Next Generation NCLEX; client-needs categories and percentages unchanged from 2023, fact-checked 2026-10-11). Updated 2026-10-10.
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A parent asks when their baby should double and then triple the birth weight. What does the nurse say?Most infants double their birth weight by about 5 to 6 months and triple it by 12 months, and birth length grows by about half in the first year.Growth & Development
Watch out: the trend on the growth chart matters more than any single weight. -
What type of play is typical of infants, and which toys suit them?Solitary play focused on the senses: mobiles, rattles, soft textured toys, mirrors, and simple games like peekaboo.Play & Communication
Watch out: no toy with parts small enough to swallow. -
Which pain scale fits a 2-year-old after surgery, and what does it score?The FLACC scale: Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability, each scored 0 to 2 for a total of 0 to 10. It is used for infants and young children who cannot self-report, and for nonverbal or cognitively impaired children.Pain Assessment
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An infant with RSV bronchiolitis is congested and feeding poorly. Which nursing measure helps most, and when is it done?Nasal suctioning (saline drops with a bulb or gentle suction) before feedings and sleep. Young infants breathe mainly through the nose, so clearing it improves breathing, feeding, and oxygenation.Respiratory
Watch out: suction gently and only as needed, since repeated deep suctioning swells the nasal lining. -
How are congenital heart defects divided into acyanotic and cyanotic groups?Acyanotic defects either shunt blood left to right (ASD, VSD, patent ductus arteriosus) or obstruct outflow (coarctation, aortic or pulmonic stenosis). Cyanotic defects send deoxygenated blood to the body through a right-to-left shunt or mixing.Cardiac
Mnemonic: the cyanotic 'T's — tetralogy, transposition, truncus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return. -
A 7-year-old who was dry at night starts bedwetting, is always thirsty, and has lost weight despite eating more. What does the nurse suspect?New-onset type 1 diabetes: polyuria (often noticed as new bedwetting), polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss with fatigue. Children are sometimes first diagnosed only when they arrive in DKA.Endocrine
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What commonly triggers a vaso-occlusive crisis in a child with sickle cell disease?Anything that promotes sickling or slows flow: dehydration, infection or fever, hypoxia, cold, high altitude, stress, and strenuous exercise. Prevention teaching focuses on fluids, warmth, and early treatment of infection.Hematology & Oncology
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Which safe-sleep teaching does the nurse give to reduce the risk of sudden infant death?Back to sleep for every sleep, on a firm, flat surface in a crib or bassinet with only a fitted sheet — no pillows, bumpers, blankets, or soft toys — with room-sharing but not bed-sharing, no smoke exposure, and no overheating.Safety & Maltreatment
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How is developmental dysplasia of the hip found in a newborn, and how is it treated?The Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers (a clunk as the hip moves in or out), plus uneven thigh folds or knee heights. A Pavlik harness holds the hips flexed and abducted; it is worn as directed and the skin under the straps is checked.Musculoskeletal
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How is a newborn with a myelomeningocele cared for before surgery?Cover the sac with a sterile, moist, non-adherent dressing and position the infant prone, watching for leakage, infection, and signs of hydrocephalus such as a bulging fontanel.Neurologic
Watch out: use latex-free equipment, since these children are prone to latex allergy.
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About these cards
Review status: Second-reader reviewed, with corrections applied.
Checked against:
- NCSBN 2026 NCLEX-RN Test Plan, in effect from 1 April 2026 (topic outline only; no text copied)
- OpenStax Maternal-Newborn Nursing, OpenStax Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing and OpenStax Medical-Surgical Nursing, consulted as references where available; no text copied.
- Bronchiolitis and febrile seizure care checked against AAP clinical guidance; influenza vaccine and egg allergy, and vaccines for household contacts, against CDC/ACIP (public domain); lead screening against CDC (public domain); celiac disease and nephrotic syndrome against NIDDK (public domain); reference only, no text copied.
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