Pharmacy — Top Drugs: Brand ↔ Generic, Part 1 flashcards

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Brand to generic name and drug class for the most-prescribed US cardiovascular, lipid, anticoagulant and diabetes drugs, each with one hallmark warning or counseling point, plus ISMP look-alike name pairs.

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Learn deck · part of PTCB PTCE / NAPLEX · written against: Top-drug lists and federal pharmacy law as of 2026; PTCE content outline effective 6 January 2026. Updated 2026-10-10.

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What is the generic name of Lipitor, and its drug class?

atorvastatin — HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin).

Watch out: unexplained muscle pain or weakness suggests statin myopathy — check a CK level and stop it if CK is markedly raised or myopathy is suspected.
Lipids
What is the generic name of Crestor, and its drug class?

rosuvastatin — HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin).

The most potent statin, with the largest maximal LDL reduction; patients of Asian ancestry reach higher blood levels, so prescribers start conservatively.
Lipids
What is the generic name of Zestril, and its drug class?

lisinopril — ACE inhibitor (Prinivil, the other original brand, is discontinued in the US).

Watch out: dry cough, hyperkalemia and angioedema; contraindicated in pregnancy.
ACE Inhibitors & ARBs
What is the generic name of Vasotec, and its drug class?

enalapril — ACE inhibitor.

A prodrug converted in the liver to enalaprilat, which is also available as the IV form.
ACE Inhibitors & ARBs
What is the generic name of Norvasc, and its drug class?

amlodipine — dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.

Watch out: ankle (peripheral) edema is the classic, dose-related side effect; it does not respond well to diuretics.
Calcium Channel Blockers
What is the generic name of Lopressor, and its drug class?

metoprolol tartrate — cardioselective (beta-1) beta blocker, immediate-release.

Watch out: not interchangeable with Toprol-XL — the salt and release profile differ.
Beta Blockers
What is the generic name of Lasix, and its drug class?

furosemide — loop diuretic.

Watch out: hypokalemia and dehydration are common, and rapid high IV exposure can cause ototoxicity.
Diuretics
What is the generic name of Catapres, and its drug class?

clonidine — central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist.

Watch out: stopping it abruptly causes rebound hypertension; it is also available as a transdermal patch.
Other Cardiovascular
What is the generic name of Coumadin, and its drug class?

warfarin — vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant.

Monitored by INR; the Coumadin brand has left the US market, but the name persists and Jantoven is a branded generic.
Anticoagulants & Antiplatelets
What is the generic name of Glucophage, and its drug class?

metformin — biguanide; US brand discontinued, name still tested.

A low-cost oral option for type 2 diabetes (first-line in youth); take with meals to limit GI upset.

Watch out: boxed warning for lactic acidosis, and long-term use can lower vitamin B12.
Diabetes › Oral Agents

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About these cards

Review status: Second-reader reviewed, with corrections applied.

Checked against:

Checked against FDA prescribing information on DailyMed (US National Library of Medicine; public domain); reference only, no label text copied.
Drug selection informed by publicly reported US top-prescribed drug rankings (ClinCalc DrugStats, based on MEPS data); reference only.
Look-alike name pairs cross-checked against the ISMP List of Confused Drug Names; reference only.
US brand market status checked against the FDA Orange Book discontinued drug product list (US Food and Drug Administration; public domain); reference only.
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